GreNME
10-06-2003, 07:58 PM
Here are the notes from the Empire States through to South East Asia:
VI EMPIRE STATES
A Turkey
1 80 million population
2 Mountainous country
a. Pontiac Mts. to the North
b. Tarsus Mts. to the South
3 Minority problems with the Kurdish people
4 Rise of Islamic Fundamentalists
5 Divided Cypress
a. Turks have had a vested interest since 1571
b. Greeks have been fighting for it for years (1974 a large battle)
6 European Union (?)
a. 4 million Turks live in Germany
7 1923became a republic
8 Once the center of Ottoman Empire
B Iran
1 1971: 2,500 year celebration of Persian Empire
2 Strategic location controls corridor
3 Surrounded by enemies (Turkey, Iraq)
4 Expansionist power / Azerbaijan
5 Part of country is plateau land
6 Is an Old Empire state
a. Great Britain and Russia fought many wars over this nation
b. In 1907 the Russian and British signed an agreementAnglo-Russian Agreementsplit Persia into 3 separate areas
c. Not until 1930s was Iran independent
7 despite 63% Urbanization, still depends on the Ancient World technology to survive
Caravan routes
Use of nomads
Underground aqueducts of Persian Empire (quanats)
8 90% of economy is derived from oil
9 Serfdom (share-cropping)
10 Islamic Revolution 1979
11 Iran / Iraq War 1980 - 1988
12 Shi`ite majority (only nation with Shi`ite majority)
VII TURKISTANpart of the Old Ottoman Empire
Mostly Islamic in religion
Huge land masses
Still fighting today over the lands
A Kazakhstanbiggest state in Middle East
1 Territorial giant bordering China and Russia
2 Moved capitol to Astana in south due to Russian threat
3 Extreme climate
4 One of Russias most feared terrorist nations
5 Best communications, largest cities and industry
6 Northern section of country used for Soviet space program
7 Russia believes it is a state that has seceded much like American Civil War
8 The future is bright. Massive oil reserves in the Tenzig Basin
9 Nuclear plants / power
10 Population only 45% Kazaks, 31% Russian
11 100 different minorities
12 Islamic Republic - 48% Sunni
B Turkmenistan
1 Desert Republic
2 Small population5.4 million
3 700 mile border with Iran
4 Former Soviet Republic since 1925
5 Combined size of Nevada and Utah
6 Main economy: cotton, corn, other vegetables, sheep, fur
7 Hope for futureoil and natural gas in the Caspian Sea
C Uzbekistan
1 25.7 million population
2 Size of California shore and sea
3 Suffering soil, water pollution
4 Desert in the west
5 Capitol in the east = Toshkent
6 Economy predominately fruit and vegetables, coal and oil
7 75% of the population is Uzbek
8 Problem: large Uzbek population outside of the nation
Thoughts of a greater Uzbekistan
9 Sunni fundamentalism / Wahabism puritanical movement
C Kyrgyzstan
1 Uzbek and Tajik Enclave invade Turkey
2 Mountainous isolated people
3 Pasturial people | sheep, cattle
4 Extremely low income
5 Illegal drug problem - opium
C Tajikistan
1 Size of Iowa
2 Mountains
3 People of Persian origin 62% not Turkish (speak Farsi)
4 Sunni Muslim
5 Capital - Dushanbe
6 Former Soviet Republic since 1929 used as a large industrial center
7 People predominately farmers and herders
C Afghanistan
1 Southernmost country of the region
2 Colonial buffer state England and Russia
3 Area of the Hindu Kush Mountains
4 Country of minorities Pustums 40%
VIII SOUTH EAST ASIA
A. General Characteristics
1 Northern section of South Asia is dominated by the Himalayas, creating a wall between South Asia and China
2 Western Portion is predominately highlands and deserts
3 Most densely populated area in the world and one of the poorest
4 Made up of five regions in the area / India is the cornerstone a subcontinent of over 1 billion people
5 Region is a mosaic patchwork of religions, language, traditions, and cultural landscape
6 The most poverty afflicted in terms of income and food
7 Only 3% of Worlds land mass, but contains 22% of the worlds population thats almost ¼ of the worlds
8 Subsistent farming
9 Region contains worlds largest democracy
10 2/3 of population is the poorest people of the world; 50% are malnourished why?
11 Lack of natural resources
12 Isolated geography and climate
a Vast mountains / 3 ranges
1 Hindu Kush
2 Himalayas
3 KaraKoran
b Dense forests
c Deserts
d Monsoons and cyclones
13 River lowland which extends into Pakistan; site of the Indus and Ganges rivers
14 Without the annual monsoon, which can last 60 days, is the only rainfall all year severe drought conditions
B. Indus River Valley
1 Indus River valley is older than Egypt and Mesopotamia
a. 6080 BCE
2 Has not yet, to this date, been adequately deciphered
3 Land mass that was wider than Egypt and Mesopotamia
Harapa
4 did not build massive structures like Pyramids because of different materials
a. Buildings excavated still stand today
b. Bricks are all exactly the same in size and structure
History of India
1. Indus river valley
2. Aryans conquered Indus River Valley and brought with them two contributions to this region
a. Hinduism
b. Caste system
3. Eventually this area would be a region of the world passed from one conquering empire to the next
a. Persia under Cyrus the Great
b. Hellenistic Empire under Alexander the Great
4. It would not be until the Middle of the 3rd Century BCE that a great Native Empire
5. By the 10th century, Islam gains foothold but would only make small roads to the religious structure of the area (today less than 15% of population is Islam)
6. By the 18th Century, Europeans begin to colonize the region
a. Search for raw materials
b. Extensive ports and markets
c. Massive population for labor force
7. Exploiting religious rivalry between Hindu and Buddhists
a. British East India Company would gain political and economic control of India
8. India would be crown jewel of British Empire from 1857 - 1947
C. India
1. ¾ land mass of south East Asia
2. Worlds largest democracy / federation (success)
3. Population is larger than all of Africa and South West Asia
4. Within the next 20 years will exceed Chinas population
5. Excessive government control and state ownership of land No free trade
6. Government breakdown
7. 28 separate states six states under federal control one national capital, (New) Delhi
a. This fragmentation is along religious linguistic lines
8. 14 major languages exist | Hindi is official language
9. Reorganization of the government structure has led to an ongoing civil war
10. Minority problem / Sikh 127 million Muslims
11. Hindu Caste System / dividing forces of India
a. Based on Ancestry, family ties, occupation and previous existence
15% lower caste
40% untouchable
12. No school / no water
13. Demographic challenge low incomes
14. Economic geography / 6th largest economy in the world, yet over ½ the population lives in poverty
15. Agriculture no modernization uses old farming techniques
a. ¼ of land is owned by the rich
b. Rice is the main crop
C Pakistan (Indus River Valley located there)
1. Actual true home of the Indus River Valley civilization. Including cities of Harrappa and Mohendo-Jaro
2. Islamic state which broke away from India in a bloody civil war in 1940s
3. 2nd largest Islamic nation in the world
4. Territory is as large as Texas and Louisiana combined and is located between Iran and Afghanistan
5. Has one of the 10 largest populations in the world with 160 million people
6. Theocratic state 80% are Sunni Muslim
7. Official language is Urdu
8. Territorial dispute exists with India over the land known as Kashmir
9. CapitalIslamabad near the Kashmir region
10. Pakistan has four sub-regions
a. Punjab Muslim heartland containing 60% of population
economyfarming predominately wheat
Punjabidialect
b. Sindsouth of Punjab
Fertile valley areacotton is king of commercial trade
Extremely jealous of Punjab domination
c. Baluchistanextremely different from the rest of the nation
Sandy desert
Sparse population
Use ancient caravan routes
Paradoxically this is the land of the future with potential mineral resources
d. Northwest Frontierfaces Afghanistan, massive refuge for influx/separatist movements
Peshawararea of terrorist training (Osama bin Ladens hang out)
11. Livelihoods of the Pakistani people
a. low income
b. 30% urbanization
c. Population doubles every 25 years
d. Life expectancy 58 years
e. Illiteracy 60%
f. Economytextiles, carpets, tapestries
g. drug traffickingheroin, opium, hash
h. Was united with Bangladesh until 1972
D. Bangladesh
1. Surrounded by India
2. Gained independence in 1972
3. One of the poorest and least developed countries on Earth
4. 133 million population
5. Afflicted by natural disasters
8 out of the 10 worst natural disasters in the 20th century happened in Bangladesh
6. Barely above sea level
7. Main crops: rice and wheat
8. Only 20% urbanization
9. Population density 3,623 people per square mile
10. The food that one US child consumes in a day would feed 33 Bangladesh children for weeks
E. Nepal
1. North of India
2. Population 2.5 million
3. Contains highest point on Earth Mt. Everest, over 23,000 ft.
4. 95% of the population subsistent farming
5. Predominately tourist industry
6. Deforestation
7. Soil erosion
8. 90% Hindu
9. Culturally rich / ancient temples and pagodas
10. Constitutional monarchy
F. Bhutan
1. Land-locked country
2. Fortress like / absolute monarchy
3. Population 1 million
G. Sri Lanka
1. Island nation formerly known as Ceylon - 1972
2. Gained independence from England in 1948
3. 70% of the population is Buddhist
4. Plantation country
5. Tamil local language
6. Economy: Rice, coconuts, rubber
7. Has the highest gross national product in the region
VI EMPIRE STATES
A Turkey
1 80 million population
2 Mountainous country
a. Pontiac Mts. to the North
b. Tarsus Mts. to the South
3 Minority problems with the Kurdish people
4 Rise of Islamic Fundamentalists
5 Divided Cypress
a. Turks have had a vested interest since 1571
b. Greeks have been fighting for it for years (1974 a large battle)
6 European Union (?)
a. 4 million Turks live in Germany
7 1923became a republic
8 Once the center of Ottoman Empire
B Iran
1 1971: 2,500 year celebration of Persian Empire
2 Strategic location controls corridor
3 Surrounded by enemies (Turkey, Iraq)
4 Expansionist power / Azerbaijan
5 Part of country is plateau land
6 Is an Old Empire state
a. Great Britain and Russia fought many wars over this nation
b. In 1907 the Russian and British signed an agreementAnglo-Russian Agreementsplit Persia into 3 separate areas
c. Not until 1930s was Iran independent
7 despite 63% Urbanization, still depends on the Ancient World technology to survive
Caravan routes
Use of nomads
Underground aqueducts of Persian Empire (quanats)
8 90% of economy is derived from oil
9 Serfdom (share-cropping)
10 Islamic Revolution 1979
11 Iran / Iraq War 1980 - 1988
12 Shi`ite majority (only nation with Shi`ite majority)
VII TURKISTANpart of the Old Ottoman Empire
Mostly Islamic in religion
Huge land masses
Still fighting today over the lands
A Kazakhstanbiggest state in Middle East
1 Territorial giant bordering China and Russia
2 Moved capitol to Astana in south due to Russian threat
3 Extreme climate
4 One of Russias most feared terrorist nations
5 Best communications, largest cities and industry
6 Northern section of country used for Soviet space program
7 Russia believes it is a state that has seceded much like American Civil War
8 The future is bright. Massive oil reserves in the Tenzig Basin
9 Nuclear plants / power
10 Population only 45% Kazaks, 31% Russian
11 100 different minorities
12 Islamic Republic - 48% Sunni
B Turkmenistan
1 Desert Republic
2 Small population5.4 million
3 700 mile border with Iran
4 Former Soviet Republic since 1925
5 Combined size of Nevada and Utah
6 Main economy: cotton, corn, other vegetables, sheep, fur
7 Hope for futureoil and natural gas in the Caspian Sea
C Uzbekistan
1 25.7 million population
2 Size of California shore and sea
3 Suffering soil, water pollution
4 Desert in the west
5 Capitol in the east = Toshkent
6 Economy predominately fruit and vegetables, coal and oil
7 75% of the population is Uzbek
8 Problem: large Uzbek population outside of the nation
Thoughts of a greater Uzbekistan
9 Sunni fundamentalism / Wahabism puritanical movement
C Kyrgyzstan
1 Uzbek and Tajik Enclave invade Turkey
2 Mountainous isolated people
3 Pasturial people | sheep, cattle
4 Extremely low income
5 Illegal drug problem - opium
C Tajikistan
1 Size of Iowa
2 Mountains
3 People of Persian origin 62% not Turkish (speak Farsi)
4 Sunni Muslim
5 Capital - Dushanbe
6 Former Soviet Republic since 1929 used as a large industrial center
7 People predominately farmers and herders
C Afghanistan
1 Southernmost country of the region
2 Colonial buffer state England and Russia
3 Area of the Hindu Kush Mountains
4 Country of minorities Pustums 40%
VIII SOUTH EAST ASIA
A. General Characteristics
1 Northern section of South Asia is dominated by the Himalayas, creating a wall between South Asia and China
2 Western Portion is predominately highlands and deserts
3 Most densely populated area in the world and one of the poorest
4 Made up of five regions in the area / India is the cornerstone a subcontinent of over 1 billion people
5 Region is a mosaic patchwork of religions, language, traditions, and cultural landscape
6 The most poverty afflicted in terms of income and food
7 Only 3% of Worlds land mass, but contains 22% of the worlds population thats almost ¼ of the worlds
8 Subsistent farming
9 Region contains worlds largest democracy
10 2/3 of population is the poorest people of the world; 50% are malnourished why?
11 Lack of natural resources
12 Isolated geography and climate
a Vast mountains / 3 ranges
1 Hindu Kush
2 Himalayas
3 KaraKoran
b Dense forests
c Deserts
d Monsoons and cyclones
13 River lowland which extends into Pakistan; site of the Indus and Ganges rivers
14 Without the annual monsoon, which can last 60 days, is the only rainfall all year severe drought conditions
B. Indus River Valley
1 Indus River valley is older than Egypt and Mesopotamia
a. 6080 BCE
2 Has not yet, to this date, been adequately deciphered
3 Land mass that was wider than Egypt and Mesopotamia
Harapa
4 did not build massive structures like Pyramids because of different materials
a. Buildings excavated still stand today
b. Bricks are all exactly the same in size and structure
History of India
1. Indus river valley
2. Aryans conquered Indus River Valley and brought with them two contributions to this region
a. Hinduism
b. Caste system
3. Eventually this area would be a region of the world passed from one conquering empire to the next
a. Persia under Cyrus the Great
b. Hellenistic Empire under Alexander the Great
4. It would not be until the Middle of the 3rd Century BCE that a great Native Empire
5. By the 10th century, Islam gains foothold but would only make small roads to the religious structure of the area (today less than 15% of population is Islam)
6. By the 18th Century, Europeans begin to colonize the region
a. Search for raw materials
b. Extensive ports and markets
c. Massive population for labor force
7. Exploiting religious rivalry between Hindu and Buddhists
a. British East India Company would gain political and economic control of India
8. India would be crown jewel of British Empire from 1857 - 1947
C. India
1. ¾ land mass of south East Asia
2. Worlds largest democracy / federation (success)
3. Population is larger than all of Africa and South West Asia
4. Within the next 20 years will exceed Chinas population
5. Excessive government control and state ownership of land No free trade
6. Government breakdown
7. 28 separate states six states under federal control one national capital, (New) Delhi
a. This fragmentation is along religious linguistic lines
8. 14 major languages exist | Hindi is official language
9. Reorganization of the government structure has led to an ongoing civil war
10. Minority problem / Sikh 127 million Muslims
11. Hindu Caste System / dividing forces of India
a. Based on Ancestry, family ties, occupation and previous existence
15% lower caste
40% untouchable
12. No school / no water
13. Demographic challenge low incomes
14. Economic geography / 6th largest economy in the world, yet over ½ the population lives in poverty
15. Agriculture no modernization uses old farming techniques
a. ¼ of land is owned by the rich
b. Rice is the main crop
C Pakistan (Indus River Valley located there)
1. Actual true home of the Indus River Valley civilization. Including cities of Harrappa and Mohendo-Jaro
2. Islamic state which broke away from India in a bloody civil war in 1940s
3. 2nd largest Islamic nation in the world
4. Territory is as large as Texas and Louisiana combined and is located between Iran and Afghanistan
5. Has one of the 10 largest populations in the world with 160 million people
6. Theocratic state 80% are Sunni Muslim
7. Official language is Urdu
8. Territorial dispute exists with India over the land known as Kashmir
9. CapitalIslamabad near the Kashmir region
10. Pakistan has four sub-regions
a. Punjab Muslim heartland containing 60% of population
economyfarming predominately wheat
Punjabidialect
b. Sindsouth of Punjab
Fertile valley areacotton is king of commercial trade
Extremely jealous of Punjab domination
c. Baluchistanextremely different from the rest of the nation
Sandy desert
Sparse population
Use ancient caravan routes
Paradoxically this is the land of the future with potential mineral resources
d. Northwest Frontierfaces Afghanistan, massive refuge for influx/separatist movements
Peshawararea of terrorist training (Osama bin Ladens hang out)
11. Livelihoods of the Pakistani people
a. low income
b. 30% urbanization
c. Population doubles every 25 years
d. Life expectancy 58 years
e. Illiteracy 60%
f. Economytextiles, carpets, tapestries
g. drug traffickingheroin, opium, hash
h. Was united with Bangladesh until 1972
D. Bangladesh
1. Surrounded by India
2. Gained independence in 1972
3. One of the poorest and least developed countries on Earth
4. 133 million population
5. Afflicted by natural disasters
8 out of the 10 worst natural disasters in the 20th century happened in Bangladesh
6. Barely above sea level
7. Main crops: rice and wheat
8. Only 20% urbanization
9. Population density 3,623 people per square mile
10. The food that one US child consumes in a day would feed 33 Bangladesh children for weeks
E. Nepal
1. North of India
2. Population 2.5 million
3. Contains highest point on Earth Mt. Everest, over 23,000 ft.
4. 95% of the population subsistent farming
5. Predominately tourist industry
6. Deforestation
7. Soil erosion
8. 90% Hindu
9. Culturally rich / ancient temples and pagodas
10. Constitutional monarchy
F. Bhutan
1. Land-locked country
2. Fortress like / absolute monarchy
3. Population 1 million
G. Sri Lanka
1. Island nation formerly known as Ceylon - 1972
2. Gained independence from England in 1948
3. 70% of the population is Buddhist
4. Plantation country
5. Tamil local language
6. Economy: Rice, coconuts, rubber
7. Has the highest gross national product in the region